Slaughterhouse-Five and Beloved

The late-day humane attitude is largely framed by the philosophy of science, in the States. According to this philosophy the k come outrightledge base is governed by the furbish up laws of physics, through and through which humans find intellectual enlightenment. In this world of science, cognition is power, and this power renders humans more able to shape their destiny. The American perfect of the self-made individual, (although usu solelyy vouched in the terms of religion), is structured upon this science base premise. But a contradiction lies at the heart of this blending of scientific philosophy and individual identity.It is that a physic entirelyy and scientific onlyy determined domain does not allow for issue leave. The modern headlong march towards scientific utopia thus carries grave peril because a philosophy that denies the inexorable human desire for free offspring ultimately is not self-sustaining. It is as if community are surrendering to destiny at the pri ce of believing that the will is charge by science. It recalls Franklin Roosevelts memorable comment that freedom cannot be bestowed it must(prenominal) be achieved (qtd. in Singh 143). This crucial issue is dealt with by Kurt Vonnegut in his fresh Slaughterhouse-Five.Although many readers view Vonneguts fiction as advocating ingloriousism, the opposite is true. billy Pilgrim, the novels protagonist, clearly advocates that humans must over amount fatalism in order to restore free will and sustain forward movement. Toni Morrison, in her novel love, suggests that humans also should overcome the immobility of time. To move forward, two gravelhe and Paul D must learn to redefine themselves by psychologically releasing themselves from the physical chains of their previous slain truth. The central mess get along of both(prenominal) authors is that there is no aspecting back. A vigorous free will must al centerings look forward.Sociological and psychological incidentors whitet horn be challenges, only they are not impediments to the free will. The only such barriers are those that populate within humans. The crucial factor is the orientation of peoples vision. two texts stress the importance of escaping the grip of the past by focusing on the future, and thus are aimed at nourishing rely. The guiding motif in this analysis is thus time. The novels can also be read as reminders of the American ideal, and what it means to be a successful American in the modern era. The American stunnedlook has al trends resisted historicity.Its orientation is to leave the experienced world behind and focus on the forging of the new. But modern Americans are surrendering to historicity once more, and thereby squandering their freedom. By chasing synthetic and mercantile dreams (which is merely thrall to past success), we lose our moral orientation, and this is a trial of the American ideal. If we hope to recover from this decadence we must re-establish our freedo m, which should be in the spirit of Emersons nonconformism. The novel Slaughterhouse-Five is intensely personal to Kurt Vonnegut, though billy Pilgrim is not necessarily the alter ego of the author.He draws on his experience of having fought in the insurgent World War, been taken pris geniusr, and surviving the blanket firebombing of Dresden. He survived by universe trapped as a pris wholenessr-of-war in an underground locker of a slaughterhouse, and emerged a few days later to dig up the charred desolation. In the novel, he-goat Pilgrim goes through the resembling experience which turns out to be the delimitate moment of his existence. He has flex unstuck in time through his experience of this event, meaning that the flow of time does not effect him anymore, and that he can shift at will from one moment in time to another.He experiences only episodes, in random order, and over and over again, just they always refer back to the Dresden massacre. He does not realize what is misadventure until much later, when he is abducted by alien creatures known as the Tralfamadorians. They publish to him that free will is only an illusion, and because they exist in four dimensions the ordinal dimension being time they observe past, present and future simultaneously, and the correct life as a unified whole. Time itself is indestructible, and, therefore, one lives ones life over and over again.One only has free will to the extent that one chooses to concentrate on the better moments in life. This is the way Tralfamadorian literature is written, as one of his captors reveals to him, on that point isnt any grouchy relationship between the messages, except that the author has chosen them carefully, so that, when seen all at once, they produce an image of life that is beautiful and surprising and deep. There is no beginning, no warmheartedness, no end, no suspense, no moral, no causes, no effects.What we love in our books are the depths of many marvelous momen ts seen all at one time (Vonnegut 88). After this encounter, Billy is confirmed in his fatalism, and he is described as backup the episodes of his life over and over again. to begin with his violent end in the year 1976, he reveals to the world the underground closely the record of time which he has learned from the Tralfamadorian. He does so with calm and collected purpose, because he knows beforehand that his message will be accepted.He even avoids bearing a grudge towards his own murderer, knowing that it is all fated, and that death itself is of no consequence. The vital tinge that the novel as victorious place frozen time is found in Vonneguts introduction, in which he says, This is a novel somewhat in the telegraphic schizophrenic manner of tales of the planet Tralfamadore, where the flying saucers come from (Ibid, title page). The tales told on that opposed planet take place in static time, and by pointing out this similarity the author is acknowledging the existenc e of dynamic time, which the Trafalmadorians deny.Regarding this weird theory, there is goodish evidence that what is told about the aliens is nothing more than a figment of Billys imagination, and that much of the novel is from the point of view of a badly disturbed mind. It is his own fixity in time which he tries to defend with his tales of the aliens. The description of the aliens as upside down toilet plungers is laughable, and this is a clue from the author that we are not supposed to recall in them and their clownish concept of time. level(p) though Billy is portrayed as a weakling, readers should not judge his fatalism as abnormal, or his ideas about time as merely the products of an unsettled imagination. Vonnegut is passing judgment on the ethos of the human age, and readers know this because the world accepts Billys revelations in the end, also, because the narrative is root in the Second World War. This is the event that finally shatters the notion of progress as in the eighteenth century Enlightenment.The consequence of the two world wars is the paralysis of pagan will, and this is captured through Billys fantastic notion of time, also rooted in the Second World War. Billys incisionicular circumstance, assort with his curious nature, allows him to come to vital understanding that he lives in an age of stagnancy. But even though the novel is mainly concerned with depiction the human age, there are also enough clues that point to the way out of this nightmare. For example, Vonnegut, in his own character in the novel, talks about its composition to his publisher in Chapter 1, and says, People arent supposed to look back.Im sure as shooting not red to do it anymore. Ive finished my war book now. The next one I write is going to be fun. This one is a failure, and had to be, since it was written by a column of salt (28). Whatever deep secrets it conveys, the novel is declared to be a failure, and Vonnegut admits that he too is subject to fr ozen time in write such a novel, describing himself as a pillar of salt. The annex in to Lots wife, who is described in Genesis as turning into a pillar of salt because she chose to look back with adhesion to the incinerating city of Sodom. Looking back is made to be the or so fatal destroyer of the will.So he promises he will not do it again, and his ulterior novels will be situated in dynamic time. For Vonnegut, hope resides in leaving the past behind. Toni Morrison delivers the same message in a very different context. Slavery is an integral part of the birth of the American nation. It is now universally admitted to have been a cruel institution. But, as E H Carr puts it, history is only the key to the understanding of the present (14). It is very effortful for us to empathize with the motivations of the slave-owners, and any effort in this direction is rebound to be controversial.But in her novel Beloved, Morrison is not intent on liberal the reader further history, or e ven a commentary of history. The advocacy is clear, that humans should leave history behind. Sethe is a source slave, now living out her freedom with her teenage daughter Denver, and recently having admitted another former slave Paul D as her partner. She is trying to suppress her exorbitant past, but the arrival of Paul D pay offs it back to her. Once, when fleeing from her sadistic owner, she had slay her 2 year old daughter, thought process that capture was inevitable, and she did not trust her children to suffer slavery.Soon later on the arrival of Paul D, the embodied spirit of her remove daughter appears, calling herself Beloved. Her appearance brings new life into all that come in contact with her, because she infuses tension into their lives, by which they must react. She becomes a demanding forepart in the household, and Sethe finds herself at her beck and call. The shy and retiring Denver find herself coerce out of the household and in the process acquires matur ity. Even Paul D learns to open up his rusted tin tobacco box of a heart in her presence. In the end she disappears just as suddenly, and all the tensions are at once relieved.But she has touched lives in such a way that in her aftermath they are all restored to life and hope. Beloved clearly represents a horrible past, and one which must be dealt with finally. Even traces of the tale itself must not be left behind, and so the novel ends, This is not a story to pass on (Morrison 324). The past must be completely extinguished, and once this has been done, there is the possibility of shaping ones destiny through the exercise of free will. These novels by Vonnegut and Morrison mounting the issue of what it means to be successful in America today.Traditionally, historicity had been part of the old world, and that which the new world tries to leave behind. But these novels suggest that historicity has certainly caught up with modern America, and is the root to modern decadence. But to r eview the exhortations of the superior Americans of the past is only to confirm that the nation was established on the background of freedom, and freedom necessarily entails the letting go of the past. In the early plosive of the Puritan fathers the message use to be couched in terms of religion, and which we may detect in the sermons of Jonathan Edwards.In his speech Sinners in the Hands of an Angry beau ideal there is no reference to anything in the past. It is entirely aimed at bang terror in the heart of the sinners, by evoking the visions of the hell that awaits them, laced with such warnings as There is nothing that keeps wicked men, at any moment, out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God (Edwards 90). Edwards relies on the immediacy of his message, and thereby strikes a particularly American note. The calm transcendentalism of Ralph Waldo Emerson may count to be at a polar opposite, yet projects the same indebtedness to freedom.In his essay Nature he says, Our age is r etrospective. It builds the sepulchers of the fathers. It writes biographies, histories, and criticism. The foregoing generations beheld God and nature face to face we, through their eyes (Emerson 181). Writing in the middle of the 19th century, he warns that the true American spirit of freedom is being quickly eroded, and will not be recovered until we relearn how to apprehend nature with immediacy. Whoso would be a man, must be a nonconformist, he says in his essay Self Reliance (Ibid 269).Any sort of conformity is pliant to the freedom, and therefore is a betrayal of the American ethos. Mark Twain conveys the same message in his classic childrens adventure story Huckleberry Finn. Set in the context of slavery and emancipation, it is more truly about the slavery of the whites than that of the blacks. Huck is fleeing from his drunken father, but he also becomes wary of the prayerful and benevolent reach of parliamentary procedure that tries to civilize him. He sets himself up on a floating raft, with an escaped slave, and only here he feels free and himself There warnt no home like a raft, after all.Other places do seem so cramped up and smothery, but a raft dont. You feel mighty free and easy and easy on a raft (Twain123). Hucks suspicion towards society and civilization is the central point of the novel, and this makes him a true American. Vonnegut and Morrison would say that modern American is a betrayal of the founding spirit of the nation, where conformity to a media constructed reality in the norm. It is a historicity of a different sort which America enslaves itself to. It is as if history is rewritten by Hollywood, and such false history tends to become the worldview of the average American.The media projects crass materialism in every aspect, where fame is the highest criterion for assessment worth. So, Americans not only follow the dress code of celebrity adopt stars, they also follow the history and sociology of celebrity historians and sociol ogists. This in conformity of the most enslaving form, and represents a total loss of freedom. The judgment must be that, without the retrieval of the Emersonian spirit of nonconformism there is no way out of this predicament. Americans must turn over once again to succeed as human beings, and must haul chasing the fame and fortune of film stars. The crucial necessity is to recover free will.Both Vonnegut and Morrison bring the message that the barriers to the exercise of free will lie not in external conditions, but within each human being. If people believe that they lie with social, psychological or emotional factors, then they subscribe to the thinking of the Enlightenment, which believed that a scientific approach to understanding external conditions will result in their gradual removal, and generally in the direction of utopia. Vonnegut intends to explode this myth, and tells readers that such determinism renders the free will paralyzed, and he depicts the modern world as ha ving met this unaccepted end.Like Morrison does in her novel Beloved, Vonnegut advocates that humans must overcome the past if they hope to exercise control over their future. Morrisons specific concern is the fixity of Black America in the past of slavery, but she is in fact addressing a wider malaise in America as a whole. The special K message is that slavery to the past is destructive to the free will, and therefore inglorious to the American ideal. Works Cited Carr, E. H. What is History? forward-looking York Penguin Books, 1967. Edwards, Jonathan. A Jonathan Edwards Reader. Eds.John Edwin Smith, Harry S. Stout. virgin Haven Yale University Press, 2003. Emerson, Ralph Waldo. Selected Writings of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Eds. William H. Gilman, Charles Johnson. New York Signet Classic, 2003. Morrison, Toni. Beloved. New York Vintage International, 2004. Singh, M. P. Quote Unquote. collimate Lakes, WI Lotus Press, 2007. Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Adventures o f Huckleberry Finn. New York Signet Classic, 2002. Vonnegut, Kurt. Slaughterhouse-five, Or, the Childrens Crusade A Duty-dance With Death. New York Dell, 1969.

Fashion Flow Theories: Misconceptions

Written Exam Fashion Flow Theories The Instrument of nitty-gritty Exemplified as an instrument of moment, the carriage system is a menagerie that takes implication on an arduous cycle. One that sheds light on how its products be idealized, produced, adopted, and indeed finally discarded after serving its utilitarian or ideological purpose. Mass communication and other conduits of information dissemination play a role in channeling meaning from its origins to the consumer (McCracken 1986). The vogue system flows from wholeness close to the other.At its starting, is the creation or invention of meaning, undertaken by influential individuals or groups that trespass on their stature or celebrity status. Their regularise help shape ideologies of cultural categories and principles. Fue guide by imitative appropriation by those of write down standing, this innovation of meaning is prompted and stimulated (Simmer 1904). Ameri plenty-born singer Lady Gaga is single and only(a ) good example. By using path as an knocked out(p)let of self-expression, her avian-garden expression of dressing caught attention and liking.Taking full advantage of her celebrity stature, she has brought around fond form in her support for the LEGIT community. Her constant feature and highlight of gays in her music videos and advocacy of marriage e part chip in inevitably presumptuousness society new meaning. Her influence has trickled across to other influential individuals who and thus pass it on pull ahead, resulting in what we see today as gay taboos beingness slowly abolished (with countries lawfully engaging in marriage equality, etc. ). Meaning in this sense, has changed from vociferous esthetics to a political statement.Aside from the designers of the goods itself, meaning transference is accomplished by a nonher group of pot the port Journalists. They act as conduits of meaning transfer through their work with stigma or firm media. They act as social ob servers of social culture and reform, reviewing, inquiring and questioning it. They have to possess a clairvoyant quality as to pick out specific sorts they approve of then disseminating their choices onto their appoint publications. This in bend also affects the designers having their influence felt even in the lead the early adopters of society or opinion leaders.Suez Menses is a British look Journalist currently serving as the dead spurt reporter and editor for the International Herald Tribune. Her work there involves reviewing make run demeanors and giving her opinions on it, all of which is widely read by the public. azoic February this year, Menses published an article for the brisk York Times titled The funfair of Fashion. In that article she gave her views on the ever-changing dynamics of the semiannual fashion shows how the focus seems to be changing towards the hoi polloi who peacock alfresco them (Menses 2013).This shift in paradigm stimulated others to reth ink, with others giving their own views e. G. garage Magazine (Take My Picture, 2013). It is such reviews that contribute to the shaping and reshaping of publics ideals of fashion. In the case airfield of the preppie have a bun in the oven we see how the fashion system comes into play in this transfer of meaning. Originating from high society, people of upper- upper and upper- rase classes, the preppie look was a signifier of that picky social class.The term preppy derives from the expensive pre-college preparatory or prep schools that middle-class White Anglo-Saxon Protestant children on the United States East playground slide (Fashion Encyclopedia 2013). Introduced in the sass, the preppy look has continually gone in and out of style. During the sass soap operas the same Dynasty and Dallas brought about this social acceptance for the style. The northeastern Americans who frequently watched these evening soaps generally began to accept and adopt the style of the preppy lo ok due to its association with the show and its characters.This radical change of meaning transcends from what earlier was being associated with upper-middle class stringent pre-college prep-school dress code, to the incorporation of lifestyle habits by lower standing individuals of North American society. This also all the track models the downward(prenominal) flow possible action of adoption of fashion a style foremost adopted by people at the top of the social benefit then gradually winning acceptance at progressively lower social levels (Stone 2008). An innovation of fashion similar to that of The Preppy Look is Christian Doors 1947 New Look.The Haute Couture house introduced it right after the World War II. melodic line to the conservative wartime dressing, this profligate use of materials was well accepted amongst the social elite. only a tiny minority of women was in a session to bribe the New Look. Because of its singularity and the fact that no other alternatives were available, the years pursual 1947 saw the trickling down of the it to department stores and then to patterns that could be easily utilize at home. The fashion system is an instrument of meaning.Consisting of a vast begin of methodically strikinged elements that take the meaning of something from one end to another, changing and reinterpreting it to suit society. With examples of the preppie look and Doors New Look, the diffusion from high society to mass-market clearly wows the way by which meaning quickly changes and adapts around cultural principles and its echo reformation. 3 Misconceptions About Fashion Fashion has grown and transcended from b are requirement to a form of non-verbal communication, nearly like an extension of the body.With it, there are common misconceptions that are still vastly kept. One of them is that fashion designers and retailers place what fashion is or will be, stormfully imposing it onto incapacitated consumers. Although, to a certain ext ent, designers and retailers play a vital role in the fashion system as gatherers of meaning and injecting them into consumer goods (McCracken 1986). However, in actual fact, consumers are the ones who fix the contents of fashion, what it will be. By their acceptance or rejection of an offered aesthetic, the design mode is then focused onto accommodating the consumer.In the example of the upward flow theory of adoption, fashion styles can be seen coming from mass-market, low standing society. With the growing of fashion dissemination throughout the decades, the way fashion moves has progressively strange what it used to be 50 ears ago. Beginning in low-income social groups, fashion trends from there move upward into the higher-income groups (Elaine Stone 2008). An example covered by Elaine Stones article is the jersey. Generally associated with blue-collared workers and commonplace sportswear, it took a turn during the sass, igniting a defect new fashion cottage industry.The C hannel No. 5 T-shirt was the epitome of what was in-vogue then. As a result, retailers and producers look towards this new direction of fashion flow, radically revising their methods of fashion forecasting. Today, more effort is focused on prt--porter runways, aiming at the youths. Fashion is not governed by anyone nor is it a helpless process of induction to its consumers. The consumer plays a vital role in influencing and being influence by designers and retailers alike. The second misconception about fashion is that it acts as an influence solely on women.Men and children are as equally responsive and influenced as women towards fashion. A demand for styles and specific products in menswear and childlessness be it in suits, hairstyles or shoes, Justifies the fact that there is an end hat reciprocates and influences. In the case arena of The Perfecto Jacket, we see again the upward flow theory of adoption, in light of menswear. The Perfecto motorcycle Jacket, by Shoot Brothers Co mpany of New York, became a social signifier of rebellious youth culture.This was because of Maroon Brandon, when he wore one in the widely popular movie The Wild One in 1953. The sinister black sheen and knife-slash like zips personified an attitude of rebellion. It was an indicator of the way street style progressively became accepted as part of social culture (Polishes 1994). This clearly illustrated the fact that men from different social stratum had an influence and were influenced by fashion. There was a process of idealization and adoption, oft like how women respond to fashion.The last misconception is that fashion an enigmatic and unpredictable force. cussed to that belief, design direction and the way it changes can be quite accurately predicted by people known as fashion forecasters. These people theme the basis of the fashion system to understand it and to utilize this knowledge into the avocation aspects of fashion. One major trend forecasting website is WOWS. Their method of research goes as follows input, analysis and output. They offer a smrgsbord of analytical perspectives, from in-depth material predictions to aesthetic forecasts.In the article, Elaine Stone mentions that every action has a repercussion effect and questions its link towards fashion. With the Pearl Harbor bombings by the Japanese in 1941 and the terrorist attacks of the World cover Center on September 1 1, 2001, it is evident how events that spark social change have an effect on fashion (Stone 2008). Those attacks inevitably led to a sense of nationalism and patriotism amongst the American people competently resulting in a trend for clothing and accessories of the colors white, blue and red.Fashion is not a complex force that requires an extreme level of clairvoyance, but is in fact a logical process that can be pass judgment by ways of analysis of past, present and future. With its quick evolution and reinvention, fashion is a complex system that ideas seem to have b een wrongly understand or conveyed. Some of which involve the misunderstanding of consumer roles to the fact that fashion is too complicated to anticipate. However fashion does in fact engage in a healthy designer/retailer-to- nonuser relationship and through immense work of it, can be accurately predicted.Fashion has grown to be something more discernible and cognitively assimilative. Fast Fashion Consumerism is something we witness on a day-after-day basis. We are incessantly bombarded with imagery that encourages the extensive purchase of products. It is everywhere. In this media arrant(a) valet de chambre, there is no escape. Fashion in this sense, is exploited. hatful of the fashion world have become so hungry (Polishes 1994). The fashion cycle gives us a clear idea of how this vicious recess works ideas are generalized, produced, adopted then dropped (McCracken 1986).This all happens at an alarming rate that coincides with the biyearly fashion calendar. In a year, the re are two plain seasonal showcases Spring/Summer and Audiometer each happening almost a full season ahead of the actual (for business practicalities). In between that we have Haute Couture, Menswear, Cruise and Resort collection showcases (Mode Paris 2013). That totals about 8 shows in a year for the average homogeneous fashion house, a frenetic pace of activity. With its products there, the question then begets What is the driving force of the fashion system?The consumers. Fashion acts as a social determinant. People are greatly concerned about the way they look, it affects they way one is perceived and how one feels about oneself (Gains 1999). The desire to imitate celebrities and the influential people of society is factor that is continually growing on consumers of all ages and the purchasing power throughout Europe (Simmer 1904 & Reenact 2005). The followers of fashion are the bulk of what the fashion industry is, owes it to its lowers (Stone 2008).Fashion ideas are deeme d fashionable when a fit amount of people accepts it, and these ideas later go out of style when people no longer associate with them (Gains 1999). Conversely, fashion acts as an outlet of self- expression, a promotion of individualism. Present-day youths tend to combine various styles to in turn create a look of their own. Noticing this, designers of clairvoyant nature have capitalized on it, encouraging this mixing-and-matching approach of fashion. Aside from the patronage of fashion, technology plays a Brobdingnagian part in the stimulation f fashion.The media acts as a convoy to the fashion system, disseminating information being responsible for the image saturation in society. The fashion press stimulates and coaxes in consumers, famously inducing tastiness like Shop till you drop that psyched the American public into mass function (Gains 1999). In the example of fashion House Louis Button, their advertisements can be seen peeved on billboards and across the facades of thei r duplex stores. Their image distribution has also reached platforms like social media whereby they give the consumer a more p-to-date, interactive experience to the brand.It is this way that Louis Button garners patriotism and markets itself and it is this advocacy of consumerism by meaner of media that helps transfer meaning of products towards the consumer. technological advancements and changing business dynamics are also factors that act as catalysts towards fast fashion. In delineative case study of China and Italy by Simons Serge Reenact, a shift of dominance in labor in the mingle silk industry of both countries could be observed with the improvement of technology.The efficiency of production and new distribution channels that inversely reflect societal reforms have inevitably contributed to the pace at which fast fashion has increased further (Reenact 2005). The fashion world is one that comprises of its innovators, hungry-for-more consumers and the people who exploit it . Fashion can be said as a salient notion of intend obsolesce (Gains 1999). Fashion is presented ahead of its intended period of usage, adopted and deemed fashionable, then obsolete when the same people quit it. It is a cycle that repeats itself on a seasonal basis, with its people almost nonchalantly and blindly encompass it.

Incident Analysis and Development Plan Essay

In my previous assignments I birth attempted to shed much or less light on the 3 capabilities which I shake off identified which were namely the Leadership skills, K straightwayledge skills and the inter soulfulnessal charge skills. Each of these 3 skills is crucial for a true(p) manager and sever every(prenominal)y holds its own signifi assholece in the building of a solid character.For the nominate of this research paper, I allow for be concentrating on the Leadership and Inter psycheal Management skills upon which I concord already talked about before. Harnessing these two characteristics would serve thoroughly growth on the individual level and gives an insight into a persons oerall character as viewed from some external source. disaster AnalysisLeadership is a value arousing skill (Heifetz, 1994). Recalling both such(prenominal) moment where I have taken the mantle of malarkey I would most definitely have to quote of my academic experiences. Groups and groups be a fact of livelihood during ones academic years and in said groups and police squads there atomic number 18 often conflicts arising which without the presence of a team attractor, lead to failed deadlines, substandard work quality and overall unpleasantness among team members (Maister, 2002).I can clearly recall the last quantify I was berth of a group and it was in said group that I got a chance to play the intention of the team leader. The decision of me creation team leader arose cod to my past experience in the topic and when the epoch came to choose the leader from amongst the team-mates I had the expertise in the subject.Even though I was not experienced much in any leadership position, I was able to do a sufficient byplay as the group leader and it made me appreciate the tough job that it is to lead peck towards a single goal so as to vex the achievement a sh ard vision (Purpose of Leadership, 1997). However, one thing I learned was that Leadership is never static as the role of a leader keeps changing in modern times and anybody who has a advancement in some skill would take on the leader role when work related to his atomic number 18a of specialization arose. Without any leadership there would hardly be any sense of where the team was headed and it would be hollow progressing further (Kelly, 2007).Interpersonal skills atomic number 18 also very important in recent times as people of every walk of life have to interact with others to beget their jobs done. Previously it was the belief that some jobs needful very little interaction with other individuals, such as pay related jobs and other desk jobs where the employees would have minimal socializing (Hayes, 2002). But now the field has changed with people interacting with others for the exchange of knowledge, and for socializing purposes.An incident regarding where I had to notwithstandingt on my interpersonal skills arose when plot of ground arranging for a charity event for which friends involve help, I had to visit different markets and palm with numerous people over getting sponsors and getting arrangements done. Through the course of this excursion I had to interact with numerous people and demonstrate communication skills which involved interacting with people at all levels, such as common laborers and store owners. This feature of interacting with people at all levels is beneficial in the sense that it helps later to shine employers (Seneca, 2001).Through the course of interacting with people I was able to get some good contacts that would come in fruitful for future use turn also overcoming my dread of speaking to strangers and becoming more comfortable talk to people (Hargie & Dickson, 2003).Self AssessmentMeasuring ones leadership skills, one must first recognize the types of leaders that exist. There is some argument as to whether there are 6 types or 7 types of leaders but personally I prefer to side with the 7 types argument. Based on 5 criteria leaders are placed into the types of the transformational leader, the enforcer, the deal unclutterr, the administrator, the visionary, the serial entrepreneur and the spin doctor (Taffinder). The five factors upon which leaders are determined are impose context, have conviction, generate critical mass, contend and change and they make and take attempts.With respect to the definitions provided, I would rank myself as an Enforcer. This is due to the fact that I am risk averse when groups are concerned and tend to stick to tested and tried guidelines. I am highly confident when taking actions and try to motivate team members in a manner that they have the feeling to achieve something (Brill & Barth, 2008).I negate taking unnecessary risks since the responsibility of lead a team in my opinion does not permit one the opportunity to take risks. If the risk pays off thats well and good, but if the risk does not, then the leader is responsible for the outcome of events. This responsibility I believe takes away the acquaintance that a leader should have and should make him more serious towards leading his followers to attaining the goal (Ball, 2003).Judging anyones interpersonal skills is not so easy as it involves feedback from external sources. When others tell one how well they are performing, then one can be any statement regarding the achievement or failure of it.I would ordain that I am sufficiently endowed with my interpersonal skills. I would come to the conclusion taking into reputation the success rate when dealing with others. I have often had to conduce affairs with other external groups and so far I would say that I have done a very good job in carrying out interpersonal dealings.Researchers suggested that self analyzing when related to interpersonal skills should be avoided by researchers since the judgement would always be biased and the answer would be uninfluenced in very rare case (Rubin, Palmgreen, Sypher, & Beatty, 2004). This go es back to the tailor mentioned that since people are unaware as to most of what they do, determining the power of their success in Interpersonal Communication is very hard to do.A concept known as Self Monitoring unremarkably leads to greater success in determining a persons interpersonal skills. Self Monitoring is a trait exhibited by famous good public speakers, as they were very receptive of their audiences and could adapt their presentation as per the response from the audience.Many politicians such as Bill Clinton for example have been reported to have strong Self Monitoring skills. Viewing myself through with(predicate) outside eyes I have surmised that in the short time that I have beat more pro active in interacting with others, I would say that I am quite successful in interacting with people and can easily carry forward a communion and can entertain and communicate with others effortlessly (Corbin, Corbin, & Lindsey, 2007).If compared to the extent required in the ma nagerial world and professional world, I would have to say that the skills I possess are somewhere between acceptable and need more or less more improvement. Since leadership is a situational issue, with leadership sometimes being condition and other times not, only time can tell how well one has performed.Some situations require more insight and expertise whereas others are relatively undecomposable as all you have to do is revivify your team and it success unspoilty finishes the task on its own (Drucker, 1995)I have usually encountered the former as I havent yet witnessed any intense leadership role where Id have to make decisions which would lead to greater consequences.Interpersonal skills are essential for any blood activity and comparing it to the market levels I would say that some improvement, or refinement, is needed. Even though I am not hopeless with my interpersonal skills, it is still a far away from being absolutely perfect. I believe I possess enough skills to at least get the basic jobs done.Development PlansTo improve upon my interpersonal skills, I have indomitable to listen to the suggestions stated. Smiling more often when talking to others, being more appreciative of others comments, paying more attention to others, practicing active listening (applying stuff and nonsense that I have learnt through listening to others), bringing people together, arduous to resolve conflicts, communication early, and in a humorous manner, trying to work out other peoples perspectives and avoiding complaining are some measures that I plan to adopt in order to improve my interpersonal skills ( either Business). hobby these tips I plan to become more universal in crowds and become more receptive to others when interacting with them.These tips would help me in making a more favorable impression in front of others and become a popular and pleasurable person to talk to. And that in turn would make communicating with others more easier for me and more o ften. Currently what Im lacking due to inexperience with interacting with others would be resolved if I strictly follow these mentioned tips.To infract my leadership style I must first note where I fall behind other successful leaders, and in this case, I have identified that I am highly risk averse and in return wind up hindering group from reaching its full potential. Taking more risks, but with the consent and full information being provided to the group so that they can give their feedback as well, I will try to move towards becoming a Transformational Leader who not only gets the job done, but inspires the followers to think of the goals as their goals as well and have a combined motivation towards the job as well. demonstrationLeadership and interpersonal skills are very important for todays managers as it is the managers job to get the tasks done while keeping a strong healthy relationship between all levels of the employees (Koellner, 2002).Currently I am more than capable of handling the simple situations which may arise on a day to day basis, but to actually handle situations which may affect a larger scale, I need to work harder to build my skills so as to become a Transformational leader (Argyris, 1976), who is the best type of flexible leader, and to have good golf links which can only be forged if the interpersonal relations I have with others are good. Without strong interpersonal skills, no one can actually get the full whole hearted support from others. A person should seek external opinions to actually gauge where he is standing since these are inherent qualities and people are not qualified enough to decent identify their skills.ReferencesAll Business. (n.d.). Ten Ways to Improve Your Interpersonal Skills. Retrieved April 28, 2009, from All Business http//www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/careers-career-development/11134-1.htmlArgyris, C. (1976). Increasing leadership effectiveness. R.E Krieger.Ball, J. (2003). Managing People. Retrieved April 28, 2009, from http//www.accountancy.com.pk/articles.asp?id=54Brill, F. S., & Barth, R. (. (2008). Leading and Learning. Stenhouse Publishers.Corbin, C., Corbin, C. B., & Lindsey, R. (2007). Fitness for Life. human race Kinetics.Drucker, P. F. (1995). The Practice of Management. Harper Collins.Hargie, O., & Dickson, D. (2003). Skilled interpersonal communication. Routledge.Hayes, J. (2002). Interpersonal skills at work. Routledge.

Native American and African before the Europeans

accord to Kennewick Man in his finesseicle that for NAGPRA and other re slowlyd legal purposes, the federal official government defines native the Statesns as any tribe, plurality, or stopping point that resided in the territory of the United States in the lead historic European contact and exploration. At present, there ar more than 2,000,000 inbred Americans in the United States, delineate by 769 federally recognized tribes (See K. Man, Who are native Americans? Past concepts of homegrown Americans). In Wikepedia, the free encyclopedia express that the term autochthonic good deal of the America encompasses the inhabitants of the Americas before the arrival of the first European explorers in the late 15th nose candy, as well as legion(predicate) present-day ethnical groups who identify themselves with those historical sight (See natal Peoples of the Americas. From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia).On the other hand, the subject area Museums Liverpool published in its website that the people of West Africa had a rich and change history and culture long before the Europeans slavers arrived. They had a wide manakin of political arrangements which include kingdoms, city and other organizations, each with their own languages and culture (See Africa before European slain truth. National Museums Liverpool).Native AmericansEven though cultural features include language, garb, and customs vary enormously from one tribe to a nonher, there are certain elements which are shared by many of the indigenous people of the America (See Indigenous Peoples of the Americas. From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia).Native America music of North America Indians is almost entirely monophonic further there not famed exceptions. Traditional Native American music often includes drumming but little other instrumentation, although flutes are played by individuals. While the art of the indigenous people of Central Mexico and Central Americas comprises a major household i n the world art collection. Their contributions are pottery, paintings, jewelry, distorts, sculptures, basketry, and carvings (See Indigenous Peoples of the Americas. From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia).*European Colonization*In wikipedia, its researched stated that the European colonization of the Americas forever changed the lives and cultures of the indigenous peoples of the continent. In 15th century up to 19th century, their populations were ravaged by the privations of displacement, by disease and in many cases by warfare with European groups and enslavement by them. The first indigenous group that was met by capital of Ohio was about 250,000 in number which were the Arawaks of Hispaniola and this group was enslaved by them. These European people also brought illnesses against which the indigenous people of America had no immunity (See Indigenous Peoples of the Americas.From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia). According to David Ruvolo that the history of America religion i s dominated by the presence of Christianity brought to the New World by European settlers. Time had track set ashore out for the indigenous race that populated the continent of North America. Native Americans were faced with an enemy that was more advanced like with the Israelites of the sixth century B.C.E. (See D. Ruvolo, A Summary of Native American ghostly).*Africa before the European slavery*According to Olaudah Equiano on his autobiography which he wrote in 1789 stated that the part of Africa which was known by the name Guinea to which the trade is carried on extends along the coast above 3,400 miles from Senegal to Angola and includes a variety of kingdoms. This kingdom is dissever into many provinces or distinct. In one of the most remote and plentiful of which is called Eboe. Equiano was born in 1745, in charming fruitful vale named essaka. The hold of the province from capital of Benin and the sea coast must be very considerable, for Eboe Equiano had never heard abou t the white men or Europeans (See O. Equiano. archeozoic Life. Merseyside maritime museum).*Agriculture*As Equiano stated that their land was uncommonly rich and fruitful, and produces all kinds of vegetables in abundance. All industries were exerted to improve those blessings of nature. Agriculture was their gaffer employment, and everyone even the children and women were engaged in it (See O. Equiano. Early Life. Merseyside maritime museum).* wearable*He continued, Equiano, which their manners were simple and their luxuries were few. The dress of both sexes was nearly the same. It mainly consists of a long piece of calico or Muslin, wrapped in general around the body, somewhat in the form of a highland plaid. This was commonly dyed blue, which their favorite color. It was extracted from a berry and was brighter and richer than any he had seen in Europe. Their women, of distinction wore golden ornaments which disposed with profusion on their arms and legs. When their women we re not employed with the men in tillage, their usual occupation was spinning and weaving cotton, which they afterwards dye and made into garments. They also manufacture earthen vessels of which they had many kinds (See O. Equiano. Early Life. Merseyside maritime museum).*Dance and Music*Moreover, Equiano added that they were almost a nation of dancers, musicians and poet. In every great event such as a triumphant return from battle or other agent of public rejoicing, was celebrated in public dances which were accompanied with songs and music which was suitable to the occasion (See O. Equiano. Early Life. Merseyside maritime museum).*After the Europeans*West Africans had traded with Europeans by merchants in North Africa for centuries. In the 15th century, the Portuguese were the first traders who sailed down the West African coast. After that, the Dutch, British, French and Scandinavians followed. They were mainly interested in precious items such as ivory, gold, and spices, in pa rticular the pepper (See Africa before European slavery. National Museums Liverpool).ReferencesMan, K., Who are Native Americans? Past concepts of Native Americans.Http//www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/kman/who_are_native_americans.htm 2. Indigenous Peoples of the Americas. From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_AmericasRuvolo, D. A Summary of Native American Religious. Http//are.as.wvu.edu/ruvolo.htm 4. Indigenous Peoples of the Americas. From wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Http//www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/maritime/slavery/abefore.asp 5. Equiano, O. Early Life. Merseyside maritime museum. Http//www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/maritime/slavery/olaudah.aspearlylife

Health Care Communication Methods Essay

Customer Service also known as communication, now days al just about al proper(a) smarts involves several people, especially when it involves an gray loved one. Having an elderly family member is a very sensitive payoff believe it or not and although very common is still manything that most still do not know how to deal with and do not quite actualize. It is hard to have to face that fact that your Grandp bents, p argonnts, aunts, uncles, and some terms siblings are approach with life threatening illnesses such as Alzheimers and mania and have forgotten who you are along with a host of other(a) things. As an administrator of a Nursing shoes you could be faced with many distinguishable situations and be begin diligents in a nursing radical are sometimes unable to understand or spread abroad on their own, it is Coperni grass to have ways to get in contact with several different family members in the event of an emergency.Family members of these elderly patients still hav e lives of their own and may live in different states or countries even and then in the worst case, you have some patients in Nursing Homes who do not have family members at all. Most of the time there leave be a social worker who is responsible for the well world of these patients in this caseful of situation. There is an enormous misunderstanding of the role of communication services in healthcare.Nursing base of operations administrators act as the patients contact lens between staff and doctors, in the event that a Nursing Home receives notification that the organization is being purchased by a national group, and because of new(a) policies to be implemented, many of the patients will be displaced, it is outstanding to know the way to give with each individuals family members. Residents have rights and these rights being violated can cause serious issues with the law. Below is a short list of patients rights when concerning unfair move or discharge.Protection against Un fair Transfer or Discharge You cant be sent to another nursing home, or make to leave the nursing home, unless any of thefollowing are trueIt is infallible for the welfare, health, or safety of you or others.Your health has declined to the quest that the nursing home cant meet your care needs.Your health has improved to the point that nursing home care is no longer necessary.The nursing home hasnt been paid for services you received.The nursing home closesIn this scenario it is important that you inform the residents that they are being displaced and that they need to approve the release of their health check randomness. The outstrip way to do this, since it is concerning medical records, would be privately. HIPAA protects the privacy of apiece identifiable health information and if violated you could face jail time and hefty fines so you should use the best communication method that fits the scenario. The best method of communication I thought would be best for this scenario was tralatitious and electronic communication because they both have some convenience to the residents. The right amount of information and the right information is needed to explain to family members and patients what is misadventure to this knack. Finding the right laws and rights is what needs to happen to make sure the keep company is not in violation of that patient. Finding the best way to communicate with each patient and their family is most important when it comes to getting the message crossways professionally without seeming to disregard their personal concerns.There are advantages and disadvantages of utilise social media, usageal, and electronic communication .Traditional, the oldest of the three some of the many advantages that tradition communication has is that you are person with the person you are communicating with, which is go against because you are getting an immediate reply to whatever it is that you are onerous to get. Theres a feeling of community b ecause youre break up able to socialize and interact with one another. We quickly build a bond that sets the foundation for trust and ultimately, lasting business relationships. There are so many different issues that have to be considered when communicating with patients and their family members, in this scenario most likely there will need to be some convincing that this is best for the patient/ their loved ones.Displacing them does not have to be a bad thing it all depends on how it is presented to them and their reaction to the initial breaking of the news. It is important that the administrator has found a new facility that offers everything that the patients(s) will need to accommodate them completely. Communication is a part of the play to better the patients life and once the patient and/or their family is on board then you pretty much have tackled the backing. Forcing information on people when they are too distraught to understand it or accept it (over informing) may onl y heighten their stress. Philip Muskin(1998) calls this truth chuck out and warns people against it.wellness-related Information can be confusing and frightening. It is best to not provide unnecessary information to the patients and family members, just enough for them to understand completely. (Communication nearly Health Pg. 196) Being and Administrator means being able to communicate effectively with your patients no matter their mental and health condition and being able to communicate with their family members too. It is important to not over-do anything when communicating because it could cause a reaction you dont want to deal with.There are different ways of communicating messages and different tones and as an Administrator in this particular scenario it is important to know what tone of communication to use when permit the patients and their family members know what is going on. It is a good idea to know where the patient will be transferred to and to have a brochure and good information on where the patient is going so that maybe the family member and the patients will be comfortable about the big news.References1. Journal Article . (2014, Fall). hatful living with dementia components of communication, (Pg.1). 2. . (2005). Communicating About Health Current Issues And Perspectives. Retrieved from, HCS/320 Health Care Communication Strategies website.

Italian Migrants to Australia

History Assignment- Extended Response Describe the experiences of the Italian migrants from their arrival after WW2, by to the multicultural period in the mid-seventies The experiences of the Italian Migrants claim changed from the time of their arrival after WW2 to the present day. The Italian migrants were obligate to leave Italy after the war due to the f identification number that some(prenominal) of them were displaced as a result of sheer destruction that some areas had underg peerless. What was in one case a home, was now no more than a pile of rubbish.Also, with some(prenominal) loved ones dead, leaving and making a new start was precise tempting. When they first arrived in Australia, the Italians experienced considerable cultural shock. They found that Australia was insensitive to their culture and traditions and therefore expected them to change. The Italians were mainly like the black sheep of the population. The strife between the Italian migrants and the Australi ans got to a point were the Italians had to go out in groups in fear for their own safety. It similarly appeared that the Australian government was not well prepared to accept them.However, after their work on the clean-livingned Mountains project and other enterprises, life changed for the better. The Italians overcame the resentment and social isolation to acquire a better future for themselves and their children. Australia was a country for white people. The migrants had to be white and from the British Isles of English speaking parts of the empire. However, after the barrage attack, Australia realised that their population was not big enough to defend itself and therefore, they essential Populate or perish. Immigration was the only answer.On the border of Australia, the Italians had to expand a medical examination and if they passed they were allowed to live in Australia. If not, they were sent back. However, by this time Australia was 99%(most of the population being br itish) white, and the Australian public cherished to keep it that way. The Australian population reacted badly to the Italians and the minister was attacked by ferine criticism. When the Italians arrived in Australia, they were confronted with new and unfamiliar things, and were expected to change to match the Australian way.This was known as the policy of assimilation think white act white. The Italians were allowed to migrate to Australia only if they left all their customs and traditions freighter and lived the Australian way. Shortly after this was replaced by the policy of Integration. This policy allowed the Italians to exercise their traditions and culture in the privacy of their own home, but still had to act Australian in public. Culturally based organisations were formed to help interpret welfare and support for migrants.When the Italian migrants began to look for work, they had to travel to find jobs. The Italian Prisoners of War were barely seen as a danger and oft en worked on farms without guards. Most of the early Italian migrants were unskilled and came from the poorer parts of Italy. Even those who did form skills, their qualifications were not recognised in Australia. As a result the Italians were forced to do lummox, labouring work. One of the huge employment schemes such as the Snowy Mountain Scheme contributed greatly to the multiculturalism of Australia.The work was hard and the conditions were tough however the Italians were attracted by the relatively high wages. Due to ninety-eight share of the project being underground, there was a lot of tunneling, often through solid granite rock. Work conditions in the tunnels were dirty, wet, noisy, smelly and sometimes dangerous. More than one hundred twenty workers died in the projects twenty-five year period. Even though work was effortful and sometimes dangerous, it developed, on its workers, a sense of community of interests and companionship. The Snowy Mountains Scheme was the firs t real experience of multiculturalism in Australia.It gave the chance for people from numerous countries around the world to communicate, accept and understand the culture and background of others without judging. It also encouraged all these people to work together as a team and put aside all their differences as there was no room for racial prejudice. Multiculturalism accepts the notion that Australia is a nation of many diverse cultures but that, as Australians, we all live together as one people. The policy of multiculturalism was introduced by the 21st Prime Minister of Australia, Gough Whitlam.The Whitlam government keenly supported multiculturalism. Grants were made to ethnic organisations to promote their culture. Legislation was introduced to end disparity and it was now illegal to discriminate people on the basis of their racial background. Some Australians did not want to see the British culture be diluted by other cultures. They had a fear of invasion and that the Ita lians would find jobs from existing Australians. However, a majority of Australians were open minded to the new policy and began to look at the Italians form another perspective.Overall the experiences of the Italian migrants when they first arrived in Australia were difficult. They felt very much out of place and little was through with(p) to help them. They were not part of the Australian community. However their involvement in areas like the Snowy Mountains Scheme played an important part in helping the Italians because it gave them a decent wage, and also because it allowed them to work and bond on board people of other races which made them work as a community and helped racism to greatly minimise. Italians nowadays have had a great allude on Australia.Italian migrants have made an enormous contribution to cultural and efficient life. They introduced new foods and ingredients and their restaurants continue to be very popular. Their music is continued to be enjoyed by many Australians. Their contribution to building and construction is crucial. The italian migrants have made an economical effect on Australia by creating employment be opening large and small businesses. Also, they have had a large contribution in incorporating Italian teachings into the school curriculum.

It is hard to define the words true American Essay

It is hard to congeal the words on-key American. on that point argon umteen different qualities in an American that tiret always hasten them a erect person. Good plurality ar loving and caring. There non always concerned about if they be going to be rich and famous. Good passel care about others and accept mess for who they are non based upon race gender or class. A accredited American possesses n wizard of these qualities. Although not all of the qualities in a neat American are notional m any another(prenominal) of the qualities are not favorable for a person looking to be a good all around person. aline Americans are avaricey, class conscious citizenry, and wipe out a vary gargantuan amount of self confidence. Confidence is a large break of American culture and many true Americans self-exaltation them selves on the ability to block out fear. Having little or no fear can only improve the lifestyle of a true American. A true American is a hero. An American hero is soul that saves lives and make headways the world a safer place. There are types of jobs that can make one a hero, such as a lawman and a soldier. To blend a hero, one must face his or her problems head on. It is not painless for anyone to face at that place fears head on. Not really many people can face them.Then again, its not easy to proceed or be a true American. straight Americans are hard to come by and beget rare heroic qualities alike(p) putting others in front of themselves. Although being a true American opts no fear, most real Americans have a taste for money. True Americans are enterprisers. True Americans are entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are go-getters in American society. They are looked upon as great people with great ideas. Entrepreneurs are people who ask to be famous and or make a lot of money. Entrepreneurs take full advantage of being an American. They neer take no for an answer, and always try to get what they desire.Entrepreneurs grasp an d fully embrace the concept of what it inwardness to be an American. Entrepreneurs are key to being an American, but being an entrepreneur also means you must be one thing, greedy. Greed is something people face every twenty-four hours. Everyday people can cull to either embrace greed, or people can fight it. In American culture it is widely accepted to fully embarrass greed as a discover of your life. It is also normal for a person to choose work over play, and let money be to a greater extent cardinal than family. Money is more than just a type of currency in America. Currency is a symbol, a symbol of what a person is.If psyche has a fast car, a big house, a boat, and still deficiencys more he or she is a true American. If they have the drive to restrain working to get what they want they are a true American. Although greed is a main part of American culture its importance is trumped by the way society works. The use of classes in peoples everyday life. Most Americans are very aware of class. Class is a very important part of the U. S. society. It is hard to escape societys rules, so most people just let society run their lives. Suburban women have never been able to get away from society running their lives.TV, books, magazines, and movies show that women are supposed to marry a rich guy and have a elegant kitchen. If a woman does not have a nice kitchen or look like a woman on TV, she is not living the American dream. Although being class conscious can serve up define you as a true American. Having some sort of kind with God and being religious is key to being a true American. Many people who call themselves true Americans speculate they have a good up-standing relationship with God. God plays a very large part in Americans lives. God runs peoples lives, poignant a persons decision on a day to day basis.God makes Americans calculate more proud about there country. People have bumper sticks and flags saying god bless America. Every chairwoman in the history of the United States has openly stated that he believes in God. Important Americans always seem to connect with God somehow, or at least say they do. God has always played a large role in American history. People always seem to incline towards people that have religion be a large part of there life. God always offers people with a set of generally good morals and values but that doesnt necessarily make you a true American.In conclusion, it is very difficult to really define a true American with just one trait. People whitethorn never be able to define the words true American. A true American is a collaboration of many different things. world a true American doesnt exactly make anyone a good person, but being a patriot in any country lead always have its positive and negatives. It is good to be proud of a country but some people seem to take it over board. If anyone wants to be called and viewed as a true American they have to take it overboard. To be a good perso n you dont need to have money.In America the whole closing of existence is to become rich, not further your growth as a person. Americans are also very aware of what other people ring of them and often wonder how they are viewed. There are problems with the way sociable structure is set up in the United States. People are more concerned with moving up in social locating than helping out people that need help. Being a true American isnt all bad at all. There is a great deal of American heroes that have done wonderful feats not just for the country but for the whole world. The idea of spreading majority rule around the world was wonderful idea.I dont withstand with the way it was spread, but it needed to be done. Americans have many bad qualities but they also have many good qualities. It is hard to become a true American and figure out if those traits are something you posses. If people dont people have to dig deep subdue and over come many things in life. People have to become a hero, people have to matter to there country if they want be a true patriot. A lot of people have had wonderful lives being true Americans, some not so much. True American are in many places in the United States and will continue to turn up because this is America.

Online Marketplace

WHAT IS ONLINE MARKETPLACE? The online requital securities perseveranceplace is experiencing an explosion of innovative ideas, plans, and announcements, which one reviewer has equivalentned to a tail end rodeo, a chaotic situation in which potent players with unlike agendas make out with one a nonher for public acceptance, and above all, immense potential revenues. Others compare the defrayal tradeplace to a battle among the quaternion platform titans Apple, Google, Facebook, and amazon. for each one of these titans thrust their own versions of a future behavement carcass that challenges the otherwise players. And lets not for observe PayPal, the reigning precedent in alternative online requital, or the creed razz companies who r fall outine all all over 70% of online pay turnedments, or the telecommunication wireless carriers Verizon and AT&T who look at it all happen. All of these players are overly competing for a shell out of the online pay stream. T hey all privation to help us spend money, for a fee.The act double-digit buzz offth of e-commerce is certainly one factor driving market participants, save a more important factors is the result of the planetary platform of smartphone and tablets that opens the portal for new firms to enter the online earnings marketplace establish on newer technologies and contain of the supple platform itself. WHAT IS PayPal ? PayPal is a global e-commerce blood line allowing hires and money transfers to be made done the Internet. Online money transfers serve as electronic alternatives to compensable with traditional paper methods, such as checks and money arranges.PayPal is an acquirer, performing payment processing for online vendors, auction sites, and other commercial expenditurers, for which it charges a fee. It may likewise charge a fee for receiving money, proportional to the essence recoverd. The fees depend on the currency lend oneselfd, the payment option applyd, th e country of the sender, the country of the recipient, the amount send and the recipients narrative type. In bringition, eBay purchases made by credence card through PayPal may incur extra fees if the educateer and conducter use different currencies HOW TO BUY The easiest way to think your source card number is not having to.Remembering 16 digits isnt undemanding and typing them in to pay for something isnt always secure. at one time you dont lack to do either. 1 stain up for free, and summarise a bank account or a debit entry/ course credit card. 2 Speed through arrest at millions of online stores. Just look for the PayPal onlyton. 3 breathe protected from check mark to delivery with our Buyer Protection. Figure 1. 1 disposition Ebay the example of website use PayPal. Figure 1. 2 show Hop-shop-go example for PayPal. PAYMENT METHODS Choose how you unavoidableness to pay. Set up your payment methods quickly and comfortably. 1 Confirm your electronic mail address .This helps protect you if someone tries to register a PayPal account exploitation your electronic mail address 2 You put forward add multiple credit/debit cards and have the flexibility to set one as your evasion payment source 3 You have the option to withdraw both payments received to your bank account. Simply add a bank account to facilitate it. total a card You can add a credit or debit card to your PayPal account to induct payments instantly. To add a card, 1. log in and clickProfile. 2. containAdd or Edit Card for payments. 3. ClickAdd cardorAdd another cardand follow the prompts.Top-up my PayPal account You can use PayPal to reserve payments online card-free. Simply top-up your PayPal balance from your bank account. * 1. Log in and clickTop-up. 2. Select Top-up via RHB bank* account. Withdraw funds to a bank account When you receive payments, you can keep the money in your PayPal account for future purchases or add a bank to withdraw it to your bank account. To wi thdraw your funds, 1. Log in and clickWithdraw. 2. SelectWithdraw funds to your bank. 3. Enter the amount and follow the prompts. TYPES ONLINE PAYMENT Google stop ) purse One wallet for online and in-store shop * Buy online with your phone or data processor Make purchases at thousands of online shops by signing in to your Google Account. * Buy in-store with the liquid app Tap your phone to pay and redeem offers, using NFC (near-field communication). NFC payments are shortly only available in the United States. * Manage your account Sign in to manage your payment information and view your transaction history. 2) assay Increase online sales using Google Wallet New Google Checkout is like a shot Google Wallet for spoilers.Google Wallet is a fast, secure checkout process that helps attach sales by carry you more customers and allowing them to subvert from you quickly and easily with a single account, online or in-store. Sell world ample. Attract buyers in over 140 countries to purchase your goods and operate online using their Google Wallet. Convert more sales. A fast, handy checkout process helps Google users convert more than shoppers who have not employ Google before. Protect yourself from fraud. 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Sell on the Amazon food market By joiningAmazon Marketplace, you give customers a familiar, trustworthy obtain experience even as you avoid the time and costs of development a standalone website.Use the Amazon Marketplace solution to help make your business what you dream it could be. Advertise on Amazon Get your products in effort of millions of Amazon customers withAmazon Product Adsor display ads fromAmazon Media Group. With Product Ads, you get placement in targeted locations across our detail pages, search and browse options, the buy box, and tower ads. With display ads, your marketing messages can reach just the right field audience in the numbers and channels where you want to be seen. pass water a website with Webstore Build your eCommerce site on Amazon Webstore and put the protective covering and scalability of Amazons cloud behind your site.Robust site design and inventory management tools, overconfi dent easy integration with the other Amazon Services products, make Amazon Webstore the right eCommerce platform for businesses of all sizes. List your products on the Amazon Marketplace When you list and sell your products on Amazon, you can quickly take favor of the same robust and reliable Amazon site infrastructure, including the many seller features and deceaseality we have worked hard to build. No matter how many products you list, youre eligible to use Amazons world-class seller technologies. CASE STUDY QUESTIONS ) What is the value proposition that PayPal offers consumers ? How most merchandisers ? Do any of the competing proposals match the benefits of PayPal ? ANSWER a. PayPal offers consumers How to buy The easiest way to remember your credit card number is not having to. Remembering 16 digits isnt easy and typing them in to pay for something isnt always secure. Now you dont need to do either. * Sign up for free, and add a bank account or a debit/credit card. * Speed through checkout at millions of online stores. Just look for the PayPal button. * Stay protected from checkout to delivery with our Buyer Protection.Buying is free Its free to use PayPal for online purchases in Malaysia. Its the PayPal sellers who are charged a small fee for each transaction. Your eligible purchases are protected Your eligible purchases are protected wheresoever you shop and pay with PayPal at no cost to you. Just in case your item didnt arrive or is significantly different from how it was described, we can help you get a full refund. More ways to pay online You can store your bank details and credit/debit cards more safely with PayPal and choose your preferred way to pay the next time you shop.And you can even do it on your mobile. Accepted world-wide Shop anytime, anywhere from millions of online stores that accept PayPal. b. PayPal offers merchants Solutions for business We have a wide range of solutions for your business. Sell globally and get paid quickly. Lo oking to sell occasionally on eBay or through your blog? PayPal helps you get paid faster. Fees at 3. 4% + RM2. 00 MYR With our simple and transparent pricing, youll never be affect by hidden fees when you receive commercial domestic payments for goods and services at 3. 4% + RM2. 00 MYR. Keeping every seller saferOur industry-leading anti-fraud technology and a aggroup of specialists help to keep you more secure. We provide all sellers with a convenient process for responding to buyer disputes. c. PayPal Competitor Google Checkout is rather similar to PayPal, but it has grown to only 7% of the alternative payment market. Google Checkout a) Wallet * One wallet for online and in-store shopping * Buy online with your phone or computer Make purchases at thousands of online shops by signing in to your Google Account. * Buy in-store with the mobile app Tap your phone to pay and redeem offers, using NFC (near-field communication).NFC payments are before long only available in the Unit ed States. * Manage your account Sign in to manage your payment information and view your transaction history. b) Checkout * Increase online sales using Google Wallet * New Google Checkout is now Google Wallet for buyers. Google Wallet is a fast, secure checkout process that helps increase sales by bringing you more customers and allowing them to buy from you quickly and easily with a single account, online or in-store. * Sell worldwide. Attract buyers in over 140 countries to purchase your goods and services online using their Google Wallet. Convert more sales. A fast, convenient checkout process helps Google users convert more than shoppers who have not used Google before. * Protect yourself from fraud. The Payment Guarantee Policy protects 98% of orders on average when an order is guaranteed, you get paid even if it results in a chargeback 2) wherefore would the telecommunications carriers like AT&T and Verizon want to move into the payment business? What probability do they h ave to compete against Google? Whats their service?. ANSWER i)Why would the telecommunications carriers like AT&T and Verizon want to move in to the payments business?The reason why the telecommunications carriers like AT&T and Verizon want to move into the payment business is because of the huge potential of revenues and another factors is the emergence of the mobile platform of smartphones & tablets that opens the door for new firms to enter the online payments marketplace based on newer technologies and control of the mobile platform itself ii)What chance do they have to compete against Google? Their percentage of chance that they probably have to compete against Google is 30%-70%,from our opinion. Google placement is much familiar to the user than AT&T and Verizon.Google also one of four platform titans and already get the public acceptance. Yet, they calm down have the chance to compete against Google because Google is much familiar with search engines system. iii) Whats the ir advantage? AT&T and Verizon advantage is that they are from mobile telecommunications (phone company) which is give them the advantage to get public acceptance that in many separate of the world, the phone company is widely used as a payment system, after they announced a mobile phone-based payment system called Isi. different Google, AT&T and Verizon is more to payment that makes by smartphone.So, it is their advantage to make step in Electronic payment market. 3) The smartphone giants Apple and Google control the in operation(p) systems and technological features of the devices. Google exercises this control not by actually making the devices but licensing its Android system and demanding device makers include certain features. Which of these smartphones firms has the greatest chance of successfully developing a Web-wide wireless payment service? Why? ANSWER Apple advantages is, like Google has already developed an online payment system to support salles ath the iTunes Store. Unlike Google Checkout and PayPal, Apple has not to date developed an online merchant payment system that could be used across the Web. Some outline believe Apple is takeing the idea of extending its existing iTunes payment system to third-party vendors selling digital goods on the Internet. iPhone users can already use their iTunes account to buy some third-party virtual and subscription goods. Apples iTunes Store, which could serve as the mobile digital wallet used to store payment information on a consumers payment-enabled device,generated net sales of music, software (apps) and content of most $5 billion in 2010.There are just about 225 milliom iTunes users worldwide with credit card accounts at iTunes. Apple disadvantages is, Apple does not have a presence in the online merchant payment process, a critical weakness. 4 instance, you can use PayPal and Google Checkout at thousands of online retailers, but there is no similar Apple digital wallet that can be used across the W eb. It only works at the iTunes Store. This may be a case where Apples penchants for building walled gardens of hardware and software like the iPhone and iTunes Store has limited its future return.Google already made its first denude into the merchant payment market with Google Checkout in 2007. Google Checkout is quite similar to PayPal, but it has grown to only 7% of the alternative payment market. Google Checkout stores a users financial information, including credit card information, and then presents this information to merchants when the user checks out. Google advantages is, the customer does not have to invade out forms or reveal credit information to online merchants, but rather clicks on a Google Checkout icon on the merchants site, and payment is made through Googles site.As with PayPal, the user stores value on the Google Checkout site in the form of a verified credit card, or a bank account, and the merchant does not have nettle to the customers credit card informa tion. Google firms has the greatest chance of successfully developing a Web-wide wireless payment service because, the customer does not have to fill out forms or reveal credit information to online merchants, but or else clicks on a Google Checkout icon on the merchants site, and payment is made through Googles site.As with PayPal, the user stores value on the Google Checkout site in the form of a verified credit card, or a bank account, and the merchant does not have access to the customers credit card information. QUESTION 4) What strategies would you recommend that PayPal pursue in order to maintain its dominant position over the next five age? . ANSWER Strategies to maintain PayPal dominant position over next 5 years Intro Scott Thompson , president of PayPal outlined a strategy to refine PayPal globally, strengthening its dominant position over the next five years. hither the strategies. 1.Increase penetration on eBay Projected evolution on eBay is a function of seller c overage and consumer preference. A one-percent manage increase within eBay results in $17 million in incremental revenue for PayPal. While market carry on in No America is 79%, it is only 41% Internationally so there is still plenty of room to grow on eBay. And new PayPal users on eBay (growing at a rate of 3 million new accounts per quarter) use PayPal across the Internet 2. Grow share in merchants services PayPal helps merchants to sell more online those that enable PayPal Express Checkout experience up to a 14% increase in sales.Today, eBay has approximately a 5% share of global merchant services, as much as 9% if you include eBay volume. PayPal has specific strategies for each segment of the market sole proprietors, small/medium business, and large merchants. Consumers are progressively global, and increasingly security conscious. They prefer to use PayPal when they shop online. Note the significant growth among SMEs and large businesses. Merchants have discovered the value of payment choice in encouraging incremental sales and higher transaction values, particularly via commit Me Later.PayPal anticipates that it will achieve 14% merchant services market share in No America by 2011. International market share is estimated to be 5-6% by 2011, citing PayPals unmatched facility for cross exhibit transactions. PayPals global e-commerce market share is projected to be 12-14% (on and off eBay) by 2011. 3. Adjacent payment markers The third element of PayPals growth strategy is expansion outside e-commerce. Thompson estimated the non-retail marketplace online as $1 Trillion. He specifically noted mobile, social networks, and non-profits (government opportunities were cited by Donahoe earlier).PayPal has demonstrated early leadership in mobile payments, experimenting with solutions in lots of mobile segments until there is industry consensus where consumers will go. Although non-profits were positioned as an adjacent opportunity, there are over 100,000 no n-profits currently using PayPal. Weve watched as PayPal has customized its services for non-profits with special on-boarding process, special features, and special pricing. depart this be the approach used for other verticals? Not unlike Amazon, PayPal fosters a close relationship with developers that are creating applications for use online and on the go via mobile devices.The PayPal global Internet payments network can be used to alternate value not just on eBay and within e-commerce but beyond. Thompson declare that opening up the developer network while maintaining a secure environs is challenging and thats why none of the other payment platforms out there has done it While Amazon has done this, and done it for payments, PayPal does not consider Amazon to be a global payments platform. PayPals global reach, shut loop network, and risk management/anti-fraud capabilities uniquely position it to accelerate mental home on the web with PayPal as the engine in the middle. CONCLU SION The online payment marketplace is experiencing an explosion of innovative ideas, plans, and announcements, which one commentator has likened to a goat rodeo, a chaotic situation in which powerful players with different agendas compete with one another for public acceptance, and above all, huge potential revenues. Others liken the payment marketplace to a battle among the four platform titans Apple, Google, Facebook, and Amazon. Each of these titans have their own versions of a future payment system that challenges the other players. And lets not forget PayPal, the reigning power in alternative

“Everybody knows what religion is, and so, we do not need to define it.” Essay

The study of organized faith may be as old as clementkindkind itself according to atomic number 53 author. Defining organized worship is difficult as there atomic number 18 umpteen definitions as there argon galore(postnominal) authors. The word piety is the most difficult to define because of the lack of a univers bothy accepted definition. Specifically the root meaning of the word worship can be traced to Latin. Relegargon or faith means to bind oneself, emanating from the Latin religio, which is translated to re-read emphasising tradition passing from generation to generation. Douglas Davies says some confuse simply draw organized religion as a belief in spiritual worlds. (10).In the book The World Religion there is a suggestion of approaches for tackling the interrogate of religion such as viewing it anthropologically, sociologically, through history, in a scholarly way, theologically and by reductionism. In this paper I give try and assess the definition of relig ion from aforementioned views and identify the problems of delimitate religion.James Cox states that in their introductory textbook on religion the American scholars residence hall, Pilgrim and Cavanagh identify four characteristic problems with traditional definitions of religion these are vagueness, shrinkness, compartmentasation and prejudice (9). The authors argue that vagueness means there are so many definitions that they do non distinguish the matter of religion from other field of study. Tilichs defines religion as ultimate concern or a simple idea of religion meaning living a serious life (9).Living a good life is subjective to an soul since the concerns and values we have are influenced by culture and the community that we brave out in. The definition of religion may also be viewed as narrow by means of compensating for the vagueness. In most cases the study of religion is fixated on a certain field or line of thought. Hall, Pilgrim and Cavanagh use doubting Thomas Aquinas claim that religion de nones a relationship with a God, thereby excluding non-atheistic or polytheistic forms of religion (Cox 9). Most definitions are narrowed tidy sum to religious beliefs such as Christianity among other world religions. In restricting down the definition of religion it spread outsother religions such as African Traditional Religions.Due to the fact that African religions lack most characteristics need of World religions they are excluded from being religion. Atheism is a growing phenomena in the world that does not believe in a God, which I odor have its own belief placement. Many definitions focus as well narrowly on altogether a few aspects of religion they tend to exclude those religions that do not fit well. It is apparent that religion can be seen as a theological, philosophical, anthropological, sociological, and psychological phenomenon of human kind.To limit religion to only one of these categories is to miss its multifaceted nature and lo se out on the complete definition. The like authors by way of compartmentalisation explain religion in basis of honest one single, special aspect of human life. This compartmentalisation reduces religion to one part of human life and ignores its relevance to the totality of human existence. They also argue against Schleiermachers definition of religion as a feeling of absolute dependence which might reduce religion to a mere psychological condition, (Cox 9).By compartmentalisation you are taking the part of the whole to be the whole, thereby reducing religion to one aspect of human existence ignoring the totality of existence. Religion is not just a feeling but encompasses the totality of existence in a human being his beliefs, culture and language. Religious or religion is not static but dynamic from one generation to another and they are ever developing in accordance with time and nature. Religion is not only a compartment in life of a human being but a totality, a large elep hant it is huge and complex.Most definitions of religion may be viewed as prejudice because they are appraising(prenominal) in process which cannot present an objective picture of what religion actually is. The same scholars argue giving the illustration of Karl Max that religion is the opium of the people which is understandably biased (Cox 9). A scholar by the name of Barnhart criticizes traditional definitions of religion identifying in them five issues in prejudice belief in supernatural, evaluative definitions, diluted definitions, expanded definitions and true religion. In his argument, Barnhart denies that religions must not bear out a belief in God or supernatural beings to throw away as religions. He believes that such definitions restrict the subject matter of religion and thus are too exclusive, (Cox 9).In the same argument he concurs with Hall and company call on narrowness of definition of religion.In the same view disagrees with E.B Tylor religion consists of belief s in spiritual beings as too narrow. In asserting that religion definitions are evaluative in nature, Barnhart concurs with Hall that these definitions are prejudiced. He argues against Marx and Freud saying the ultimate concern is itself an evaluative creation imposed on religion from the perspective of Western philosophy.Citing Clarkes avouchment that religion is the life of God in the soul of man tells us nothing about either God or the soul thereby diluting the definition and affirming other scholars view that religions definition is vagueness. assortment of the definition of religion can also be likened to what Barnhart calls expanded definitions. He argues against Russell who tries to expand the definition of religion so far as to crystallize it seem an effort to seek comfort in a affright world. The argument follows that by trying to define religion as a way of expanding a list of what comprises religion to accommodate one compartment of human existence it has an opposit e effect of diluting the definition rather than searching for consolation, (Cox 10). in conclusion Barnhart finds a problem in defining all religions in borders of one religion which by definition claims itself to be true. He gives the example of Religion is belief in Jesus or there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his prophet. This clearly categorises the definition of religion are subjective (Cox 10). The example also clearly shows how exclusive some definitions of religion are and proves the earlier mentioned problem of prejudice against one belief system or being traditionally fixated on belief systems of faith. The problem of battalion according to Roger Schmidt religion is difficult to define because it is a collective term applied to a wide range of phenomena. The phenomena include beliefs and practices that all religions have in common.Closely related to plurality is the problem of culture as religion and culture are closely linked. Religion is a electric shaver of cult ure, which is a result of religion being found in a certain contextual culture, therefore, difficult to define religion in all cultures. Religion itself is dynamic the Buddhism of a hundred years ago is not the same today. This shows that religion is not static but dynamic.

Dream Come To True

Each iodin of us contrive their avow imagines who demand to achieve it. There is no easy thing in this world. We should work hard for it. But sometimes religious belief is trying to break up us, no matter how hard a soul try he/she cigargont also feel failures in it. But, this doesnt mean we should stop of pipe dreaming. For me, I confine on dreaming for my futurity and actually I contri thoe a lot of dreams that I want to achieve like determination my collegiate and to beget a safe c arer in the unspoiled future.To open an own car and restrain my brother in their rearing so that the burdens of my parents leave be lessen. By the time lets, when I shadow build my own family. I can give my children a demote food, shelter, cloth and the most important is development. To be h superstar(a)st, on that points still n wholeness these dreams that I have mention comes full-strength precisely I codt loose promise on it. Im still young and there is still a bulky wa y to walk. As long as I have faith to God and work hard in order to achieve my dreams and one day my dreams can comes true.When I was a kid I have a dream of fitting a s sure-enough(a)ier for our country yet as I grew old I realize that I sightly want to become a sure-fire businessman or have a good career in the field of Multimedia Arts. sand in my elementary days, I have a dream of becoming a varsity role player when I reach high instruct. Fortunately, In first class after swallow up the tryout I was one of those few selected to become varsity player although I was just a reserved player I was very(prenominal) grateful because there are all 3 first year player that have been selected.Dreams strike a full support from friends and relative. A dreams can come true if it is in your destiny. Only God knows what is surpass for us. Failure sacks a person more stronger and better. And if one day, a dream came true in our lives, we are blessed by the Lord and keep continue dr eaming. Everyone, and anyone can dream, charge a four year old who can barely lecture still has the slightest idea of what they want in life. The truth is you can dream all day long most something so illusory, but it takes a special type of person to make a dream come true.Education is piece of you that can never be taken away, no one can take whats inside of you. Furthering your culture is a scarper of activeness that WILL take you far in life, affairs, and personal relationships. A instructor can only give you the tools and fundamentals, but to achieve goals past naturalize is a thing of its own. Kids now a days only care active getting out of school, but what they dont understand is that school is the birthplace of your dreams.With a college degree you could considerably make a liveliness as a nurse, or animal(prenominal) therapy assistant, and other amazing opportunities will come your way. Todays world is cut- throat, with 3. 1 meg Americans unemployed, it is crucial that we further our development in order to set excursion a high-quality job. Education is the only thing thats going to help me employ my dreams. It can change the course of mind, spare you of the bumps and bruises of life, and turn wrong situations around. Everyone has a dream, but it take strength, perseverance, and education to make them come true.Dream Come to TrueEach one of us have their own dreams who want to achieve it. There is no easy thing in this world. We should work hard for it. But sometimes faith is trying to fool us, no matter how hard a person try he/she can also feel failures in it. But, this doesnt mean we should stop of dreaming. For me, I keep on dreaming for my future and actually I have a lot of dreams that I want to achieve like finding my collegiate and to have a good career in the dear future.To have an own car and support my brother in their education so that the burdens of my parents will be lessen. By the time comes, when I can build my own family. I can give my children a better food, shelter, cloth and the most important is education. To be honest, theres still none these dreams that I have mention comes true but I dont loose hope on it. Im still young and there is still a long way to walk. As long as I have faith to God and work hard in order to achieve my dreams and one day my dreams can comes true.When I was a kid I have a dream of becoming a soldier for our country but as I grew old I realize that I just want to become a successful businessman or have a good career in the field of Multimedia Arts. Back in my elementary days, I have a dream of becoming a varsity player when I reach high school. Fortunately, In first year after finish the tryout I was one of those few selected to become varsity player although I was just a reserved player I was very grateful because there are only 3 first year player that have been selected.Dreams need a full support from friends and relative. A dreams can come true if it is in your desti ny. Only God knows what is best for us. Failure makes a person more stronger and better. And if one day, a dream came true in our lives, we are blessed by the Lord and keep continue dreaming. Everyone, and anyone can dream, even a four year old who can barely talk still has the slightest idea of what they want in life. The truth is you can dream all day long about something so illusory, but it takes a special type of person to make a dream come true.Education is piece of you that can never be taken away, no one can take whats inside of you. Furthering your education is a course of action that WILL take you far in life, affairs, and personal relationships. A teacher can only give you the tools and fundamentals, but to achieve goals past school is a thing of its own. Kids now a days only care about getting out of school, but what they dont understand is that school is the birthplace of your dreams.With a college degree you could easily make a living as a nurse, or physical therapy ass istant, and other amazing opportunities will come your way. Todays world is cut- throat, with 3. 1 million Americans unemployed, it is crucial that we further our education in order to set aside a high-quality job. Education is the only thing thats going to help me pursue my dreams. It can change the course of mind, spare you of the bumps and bruises of life, and turn wrong situations around. Everyone has a dream, but it take strength, perseverance, and education to make them come true.