Stakeholder Influence

Stakeholder Influence Common ground is needed between the program and the stakeholders. Meeting the needs of the program, the clients as well as the stakeholders is important. As a grant writer it would be important to consider all sides of the plan. Knowing the goals and mission for the program as well as the desires of the stakeholders and their desires to put their money to good use is beneficial to a well written proposal. So many times the proposal or grant will lean towards only the needs of the program leaving out the needs of the funders. Finally the success of the overall program not only depends on customer satisfaction, but also on approval of various stakeholders. Let us begin by defining stakeholders, as a group of people who have an interest in said organization.  Without funding the program will be helpless in providing and achieving the programs goals.  Understanding and meeting the needs of the stakeholders or funding source will help one in developing a well thought out program. Making the changes may be challenging but one most stay focused by considering not just the program, the stakeholders but the clients and community as well. Encouraging management, staff, and stakeholders to take part in the development of how the program will use evaluation tools allows the funders to take part and have a say in areas that they may have expertise. When seeking funding from outside sources one needs to realize that having a say in how the money is used will produce a trust factor that could ensure future funding. Many stakeholders may have an executive that purpose is to assist programs with evaluations. This not only can help the program cut evaluation costs it allows the stakeholders obtain information for future funding sources. Normal expectations of stakeholders are simply to know they are not wasting their money. Then need to know and expect that the monies allotted will be used wisely and that good works and results are being accomplished. Stakeholders power can vary according to their say and level of involvement in the program. Evaluations are very important when it comes to writing grants. Having a good evaluation plan again is the best way to secure the funding needed for the program. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis will create a strong evaluation tool for the program. Evaluation of the services offered and performed will give both the program and stakeholders a clear picture of what is working and those services that might need to be deleted or revamped. Evaluations will allow the program to look at what was the most cost-effective method of providing a service or program. A well designed and organized evaluation plan will serve as a guide for staff to oversee and evaluate each other, services provided and with instructions on how the plan will be used, and instrumented into the program. Evaluation plans will show stakeholders what is to be evaluated and how the evaluation will be conducted. Funding agencies want to see evaluations reports and at times many want to participate in the evaluation process.  They want the most and the best for their dollar.  In human service programs need cooperation of the stakeholders.  From the Board of Directors, employees, vendors, client, and community there must be direct, or indirect interaction. Most agencies offering funding have guidelines in what they expect for grant seekers. Engaging and involving the stakeholders ensures that they are being understood and feedback is being given on a regular and timely basis. Sometimes, negotiating with stakeholders to formulate a clear and logical description will bring benefits before data are available to evaluate program effectiveness. The Cleveland Foundation is a funding institution that works with human service organizations. My chosen scenario is The Madison Childrens Hospital is a perfect candidate for a grant from Cleveland. This organization assists with charitable organizations, that focus on educational, medical, and medical research institutions with the purpose of improving the lives of those in need. The foundation requires all potential grant applicants to submit a grant inquiry, outlining basic information about the proposed project. Grant inquiries can be submitted at any time. If it is determined that your project fits the foundations guidelines, you will be asked within a few weeks to submit a full application (Cleveland).  The Cleveland Foundation has funds to award to organizations from a few hundred dollars to four million dollars based upon the needs of the program. In awarding a grant the Cleveland Foundations expectations will play a major role in the program policies.  Evaluation reports will be required with should include: date of commencement, the program schedule, up to date budget reports, performance evaluations of staff, client control should be done on a regular basis. The program must adhere to the standards of the funding organization.   In conclusion stakeholders play a very important role in the development of a human service program.  Without stakeholders the program may not be as successful as it may have intended to be. The needs and expectations of the stakeholder need to be addressed in a proper manner to ensure a long term relationship and success of the program.  Having a healthy relationship with the stakeholders of any human service program enhances the services offered through the ongoing monitoring of those in charge.  Updated information ensures that the clients are benefitted by the services offered and feedback is continuous. Meeting the needs of the clients and those coming for service is the priority of any human service organization. Being able to meet those needs will come from a well planned program that includes every department and service. References Free Management Library (1997-2009).  Basic Guide to Program Evaluation. Retrieved September 10, 2009 from: http://managementhelp.org/evaluatn/fnl_eval.htm The Cleveland Foundation (2009). Retrieved on September 9, 2009 from: http://www.clevelandfoundation.org/ Subramanian Ram (1998). Meeting the expectations of key stakeholders. Retrieved September 10, 2009 from: http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb6698/is_n2_v63/ai_n28707780/pg_1/?tag=content;col1

Essay --

The essential intent regarding NIBCO's alternative to help actualize an association large ERP platform was to combine all the procedures from the connection more than a merged, one point, so troubles determined having coordinating data and also facts coming from separate frameworks might be mortally wounded along with the connection can figure even more effectively. One of several important data in the crucial coordinating which prompted the ERP rendering was that the connection could hardly thrive using its recent data frameworks. (Brown, Dehayes, Hoffer, Martin & Perkins. 2012) Many people frameworks them to have been at the moment making use of had resulted in the patchwork of heritage frameworks and also credit reporting gadgets which could hardly communicate together. (Brown, Dehayes, Hoffer, Martin & Perkins. 2012) Your absence of frameworks interchanges have been with the approach which in recent times, NIBCO had a building package which jogged in H . p . as well as a bookkeep ing platform which jogged in IBM as well as a conveyance package that has been repackaged running in I...

Keats poetry reflects Essay

Q. Rich Sensuousness, well-wrought form and depth of thought are characteristics of Keats poetry. By means of a comparative study examine how Keats poetry reflects these features.  A. The three main odes I will discuss are: Ode to autumn, Ode on Grecian Urn and Ode to Melancholy. The Odes bring to perfection Keats’s command of form and richly meaningful use of the English Language.  Melancholy -which today perhaps he called depression- was a state at which Keats was very familiar. The inspiration of the Ode came from a book on the subject by Burton who proposed various remedies to alleviate the ‘melancholy fit’. The first stanza of the Ode emphatically rejects these remedies, which induce oblivion and associate melancholy with thoughts of death. They numb the sense and dull the keen edge of the melancholic experience. The â€Å"rosary of yew-berries† can be easily pictured, the sinister berries of the tree that symbolizes death strung together for the purpose of counting one’s prayer. Keat begins the second stanza by referring for the first time in the poem to melancholy as a disease, a â€Å"fit† (line eleven) whose onset is as sudden as a spring shower. The lush imagery of lines twelve and fourteen quickly lures attention away from melancholy to the marvel of an April rain, yet the poet is all the while at work characterizing melancholy itself by means of this extended simile. To follow the cure for Melancholy in the final lines of the second stanza is to plunge into a series of sensuous impressions so brilliantly and attractively evoked that they make one forget that this is a kind of medicine. The poet commands us to glut first on the rose; then on the rainbow momentarily created as a wave breaks in the sunlight on the sea; and again on flowers, now the blooms of the peony. The lines containing these commands are heavy with synaesthesia, one of Keats favorite stylistic devices, which consist in mingling the impressions of two or more senses into a single image. The rose, for instance, is obviously a delight to see and to smell, but this is a mourning rose, a blossom at its freshest and best, and the poet bids us to enjoy it so completely as to taste it. Indeed, the word â€Å"taste† is too weak, and instead Keats uses â€Å"glut†, experience. He likewise invokes several senses to stimulate us to a more intense enjoyment of the peony’s bloom by touch as well as by sight. In the last three lines of stanza Keats turns his attention intensity of natural beauty to the intensity of feminine beauty. Almost as if alluding to the clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ that women are most beautiful when angry, the poet chooses the moment in a love affair when emotion is at a very high peak. To evoke the force of such an experience, he engages in this one complex of imagery four of the five senses: touch, â€Å"emprison her soft hand†: hearing, â€Å"let her rave†, sight, â€Å"her peerless eyes†; and taste, â€Å"feed deep, deep.† Keat uses these techniques so that the reader is fully involved with the poem as he forces us to work through this lush imagery. â€Å"She dwells with beauty- beauty that must die† – we know see why Keats turns Melancholy to beautiful things: it is inevitable decay of beauty, which is at the core of Melancholy. Not only does the imminet passing of beauty and joy give rise to melancholy but at every moment the pleasurable experience turns to one of pain or satiety. Thus pleasure and pain, joy and sorrow, are immediately linked belonging even to the selfsame experience. A series of powerful images enforces these ideas: Joy always on the point of departure, the bee’s nectar turning to poison, the veiled goddess of Melancholy enshrined in the temple of delight, the bursting of Joy’s grape, whose taste turns out sadness. If the Ode on Melancholy sags a little in the stanza two is certainly prevented from collapse by the vigor and vividness of stanzas one and three. The third stanza is full of images suggesting life and activity such as the figure of Joy caught at a moment of arrested action and the bee at work, culminating in the energetic act of bursting a grape with ‘strenuous tongue’. The ‘taste’ images, too, suggest the physicality of the experiences of pleasure and joy. In on a Grecian Urn, the subject is a marble urn with scene in relief running around it; it has been shown that the urn here described was not one actually seen, but a creation of Keats’s imagination. The mysterious and beautiful opening lines at once give rise to several ideas: the stillness of the urn, its remaining unspoilt, thought holding out a promise of delight.  Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhat men or gods are these? What maidens loth?’. The urns power lies in its appealing to the imagination rather than the senses; sensual experience is always reaching after, or being set against, an ideal of which it falls short: ‘ Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard/ Are sweeter; therefore, ye soft pipes, play on;/ Not to the sensual ear, but, more endear’d/ Pipe to the spirit ditties of no tone: The figures on the urn have a sort of ideal existence because they are frozen at a moment of the time and so are immune from life’s vicissitudes: ‘†¦nor ever can those tress be bare; Bold lover,.. For ever wilt thou love and she be fair.’  The unchanging happiness of the figures is emphasized in stanza three by the repetition of words and phrases: ‘happy’, ‘for ever’, ‘move’, even though their passion is unsatisfied their state far transcends that of mortals for whom satisfaction turns pleasure into safety. Stanza four introduces a new scene (as if the urn were being turned round). The first scene was wild and ecstatic, suggesting Bacchanalian rites; this one is serene in comparison, showing a formal procession to make sacrifice. The almost frenzied questions of stanza one contrast sounds are suggestive of tranquility.  The poet helps us to understand what he has in mind. The pipes on the urn sound â€Å"not to the sensual ear† but â€Å"to the spirit†. It is significant that Keats does not use a more literally precise word like â€Å"physical† to describe the ear. â€Å"Sensual† (like â€Å"physical†) refers to the body, but it also connotes excessive indulgence, particularly in sexual pleasure, and moral disapproval. Keats then uses this tension between sense and spirit to add one more layer to this tissue of paradox.

Comparing and Contrasting the Significant Aspects of Machiavellis Political Philosophy Vis a Vis Those of Hobbes, Rousseau and Montesquieu

Comparing and Contrasting the Significant Aspects of Machiavellis Political Philosophy Vis a Vis Those of Hobbes, Rousseau and Montesquieu Introduction Niccolo Machiavelli was born in Florence, Italy, on May 3, 1469. He was a political philosopher and diplomat during the Renaissance period, who became famous for his political discourse â€Å"The Prince† published in 1513 that is a keystone to modern political philosophy. It is this piece of work that made him be aptly referred to as the father of modern political theory.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and Contrasting the Significant Aspects of Machiavelli’s Political Philosophy Vis a Vis Those of Hobbes, Rousseau and Montesquieu specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay aims at bringing out the similarities and contrasts of Niccolo Machiavelli’s viewpoint with those of Hobbes, Rousseau and Montesquieu, who are also meant to be renowned philosophers. This will in turn vary the significance of their contributions towards the development of the study of political theory. T o achieve this end, I will systematically divide this paper in three sections. Firstly, I will endeavor to highlight the significant aspects of the political philosophy advocated by each of the four philosophers. Secondly, I will attempt to bring out the shared similarities and divergent perspectives between them and lastly buttress the importance of their efforts in the advancement of the field of political philosophy. Starting with Machiavelli, it is clearly evident in his manuscripts that he favored policies that would encourage self preservation tendencies of the ruling elite. He came up with strategies that would distract the subjects into focusing entirely on self advancement and aggrandizement thereby, warding off mass political activism (Machiavelli, 35-56). The Renaissance period in Italy when political standoffs were intense and violent pitting dominant states, like the Papacy, Florence, Naples, Milan and Venice, against each other inspired him to develop his theories most ly captured in The Prince. Machiavelli also believed that for any survival of a state, a virtuous and patriotic spirit should be engendered in its citizenry, especially in the politically active ones, and that a government is made strong by tussles triggered by open debate and participation. The adjective â€Å"Machiavellian† has been used in a derogatory way since that time as a fitting description of a cunning and a self serving politician. Thomas Hobbes Thomas Hobbes is also widely regarded as one of the greatest political philosophers of all time. The complete expression of Hobbess philosophy found in his leading works ‘Lethiavan’ begins with a clearly materialistic description of human nature and knowledge. It gives a firm deterministic account of human preference and a cynical vision of the consequently natural state of human beings in the unending struggle with each other.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Ge t your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Hobbes, it is an attempt to break off from this state of affairs, thus we should form the commonwealth and surrender our own powers to the authority of supreme sovereignty. That is why as far as Hobbes was concerned, individual obedience to whatever form of government with the reigns of power was necessary in order to forestall the greater evil of war (Hobbes, 48-104). Jean-Jacques Rousseau Jean Jacques -Rousseau was born in Geneva on June 28, 1712. Rousseaus most dominant work is â€Å"The Social contract† that describes the relationship of man with society. In the work, he describes the state of nature as that which lacks for morality and that is lawless. According to this philosopher, morality and politics go hand in hand, and none can be separated from the other. In this case, the lack of morality within a state results into the virtuous malfunction of that state making it loose its right to genuinely rule over the public. Another key principle brought out by Rousseau is that of freedom and which he believes the state must preserve (Rousseau, 98). Rousseau also argues that the growth of science and art did not benefit man in any way. On the contrary, he believed that the advancement of such knowledge would only reduce the liberty of man and lead to the rise of a powerful government. According to this philosopher, such advancement brought about fear, suspicion and jealousy (Rousseau, 170). Charles de Secondat Montesquieu Another great political philosopher of high standing was Montesquieu who was regarded as the philosopher of Enlightenment. He saw autocracy and particularly despotism as a time bomb for any government exhibiting such dispositions. He was of the argument that this could be prevented only through the formation of a system whereby the various bodies practiced judicial, executive as well as the legislative power, and where these were also placed under the law. Montes quieu was also of the view that most laws in many countries could be made less oppressive, and in such a way, they would be not only liberal but also humane. He called for the eradication of slavery and religious discrimination which he believed should be replaced with commerce and trade (Montesquieu Lowenthal, 68). Comparison between the philosophers Having had an insight of the kind of philosophies that Machiavelli, Hobbes, Rousseau and Montesquieu advanced, we can, therefore, concur that all of them were of the same view in the establishment of a government and the maxim that should be attained by power as well as authority. In other words, each of them thought they had a remedy on how to run a successful government.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing and Contrasting the Significant Aspects of Machiavelli’s Political Philosophy Vis a Vis Those of Hobbes, Rousseau and Montesquieu specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The philosophers agreed in the nature of man and in the desire to exist in a society that was ordered and dependent. Additionally, they held the same view of man as a conniving, evil and self-centered being whose greed and individualism had to be exploited to the advantage of the ruling class. Any stark contrasts in their theories can be attributed to the different periods, ideologies and circumstances each of them was finding during the time of their existence. In the case of Niccolo Machiavelli, for example, his life was mostly based on a period of upheaval in Italy. The upheaval can be attributed and described by the unrest, failed loyalties and many battles. On the other hand, Hobbes philosophy was mainly influenced by the civil war in England. This war had more influence than any other factors to the extent that most of his famous works were war based and intended to draw a correlation between the scientific revolution of that era and the development of politics. The three men can be seen to have far fetched influence ranging from the thirteenth century down to the eighteenth century. This has been recorded through their various highly noted vocations. Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Rousseau Montesquieu had many things in common though the word politics acted as the bridge between them. The men had differing ideas in the political arena. According to Machiavelli’s ideas, authoritarianism was the order of the day, the factor that could not merge with democracy. From their ideas, I can assert that the perfect view of a prosperous society falls amid Hobbes’s cynicism as well as Montesquieu optimism. Nowadays, it is a fact that Machiavelli, Hobbes, Rousseau and Montesquieu did not only influence, but shaped modern political theories by their views. Hobbes,Thomas. The Leviathan. Indianapolis: Hackett Pub, 1968. Print. Machiavelli,Niccolo. The Discourses on the First Ten Books of Livy. NY: Penguin Pub, 1984. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Montesquieu, Charles de Secondat, Lowenthal, David. Considerations on the Causes of the Greatness of the Romans Their Decline. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1999. Print. Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. On The Social Contract. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1987. Print.

Free Essays on Street Crime V. White Collar Crime

Does Street Crime Pose More of a Threat to the Public’s Well-Being Than White Collar Crime? Computer Crimes versus Robbery Computer crime is a relatively new phenomenon with its conception being in the last half of the twentieth century. A computer crime is â€Å"any offense where the modus operandi or signature involves the use of a computer network in any way† (Casey, 2003, p259). The latter is a broad definition including many offenses such as social security fraud, embezzlement, piracy, and many more. Robbery, on the other hand, has been around much longer and more people are familiar with it. The Bureau of Justice Statistics defines robbery as â€Å"the completed or attempted theft, directly from a person, of property or cash by force or threat of force, with or without a weapon, and with or without injury† (2002). To determine the detriment to society of either computer crime or robbery, several aspects must be taken into consideration, including the victims, offenses, laws set forth for both, deterrence, punishments, and cost. In all, after discussing the previous issues invol ved in computer crimes and robbery, it will be apparent that the greater detriment to society comes from computer crimes. Victims of computer crimes are very different from victims of robberies. Computer crimes, because of the very nature of computers, have the ability to affect more people than any one robbery. Although the effects are more personal in robberies, the effects are much more widespread and serious with computer crimes. Not only do computer crimes affect people in the area they occur; their effects can be seen throughout the state, country, and sometimes even internationally. In his speech, Senator Biden stated that â€Å"if we are unable to preserve investors confidence, the markets will plunge and with them the health of our economy† (2002). From this it is apparent the severity of computer crimes and other white-collar... Free Essays on Street Crime V. White Collar Crime Free Essays on Street Crime V. White Collar Crime Does Street Crime Pose More of a Threat to the Public’s Well-Being Than White Collar Crime? Computer Crimes versus Robbery Computer crime is a relatively new phenomenon with its conception being in the last half of the twentieth century. A computer crime is â€Å"any offense where the modus operandi or signature involves the use of a computer network in any way† (Casey, 2003, p259). The latter is a broad definition including many offenses such as social security fraud, embezzlement, piracy, and many more. Robbery, on the other hand, has been around much longer and more people are familiar with it. The Bureau of Justice Statistics defines robbery as â€Å"the completed or attempted theft, directly from a person, of property or cash by force or threat of force, with or without a weapon, and with or without injury† (2002). To determine the detriment to society of either computer crime or robbery, several aspects must be taken into consideration, including the victims, offenses, laws set forth for both, deterrence, punishments, and cost. In all, after discussing the previous issues invol ved in computer crimes and robbery, it will be apparent that the greater detriment to society comes from computer crimes. Victims of computer crimes are very different from victims of robberies. Computer crimes, because of the very nature of computers, have the ability to affect more people than any one robbery. Although the effects are more personal in robberies, the effects are much more widespread and serious with computer crimes. Not only do computer crimes affect people in the area they occur; their effects can be seen throughout the state, country, and sometimes even internationally. In his speech, Senator Biden stated that â€Å"if we are unable to preserve investors confidence, the markets will plunge and with them the health of our economy† (2002). From this it is apparent the severity of computer crimes and other white-collar...

Report on a case study involving ICT and instructional strategies Essay

Report on a case study involving ICT and instructional strategies - Essay Example And it is through engaging with ICT that learning defines itself as e-learning. Heavily content-driven models are no longer in demand and show little understanding of sustaining online culture or appreciation for engagement. Since content only describes the 'I' of ICT, while the 'C' is more about connectedness, community, communications, context, processes, interactions, and engagement. For the purpose of this exercise the unit of work consists of seven class periods, lectures were prepared for grade level 6-8 students and the subject area was Life Science. There were three topics, namely 1) What's New with Dinosaurs 2) Dinosaur Detectives, and 3) Dinosaurs in Argentina. (RecoverySchool.com (2001). Assignment Discovery Online Curriculum. Retrieved May 31, 2005 from http://www.discoveryschool.com). Whether using computers in teaching or not, the importance, presence and influence of the 3P personal and situational presage factors (i.e. abilities, motivations, prior knowledge and contextual factors) attributed to a given learning situation remain unchanged. These factors influence the learning process, or the approach adopted by the student to the learning task; which in turn influences the product, or outcomes of learning. (The Nature of Learning and Teaching. Retrieved May 31, 2005 from Active construction of learning is generally accepted in contemporary education acknowledging that it is important for students to construct their own knowledge rather than acting as passive learners. Students should be encouraged to recognize this importance and should be allowed to construct their own learning. Guiding principles for constructivism are; 1) pose relevant problems, 2) secure lesson around 'big' concepts, 3) value students' point of view, 4) adapt curriculum to students' prior knowledge, and 5) assess authentically. The concept of self-directed learning brings about a changed perspective in respect instructional strategies. (Instructional Strategies In a Computer-Based Learning Environment. Retrieved, May 31, 2005 from http://www.education.unisa.edu.au/education/school/subjects/educ5092/Strategies.html Strategies must be designed and amended to acknowledge constructivist learning. Constructivist teachers encourage student independence, use terminology such as classify, analyze, predict, alter content based on student responses, find out what students already know, encourage students to engage in dialogue, ask students to elaborate on initial responses and allow students to link new to prior knowledge thus facilitating cognitive conflict as a result of contradictory experiences. (The Nature of Learning and Teaching. Retrieved May 31, 2005 from http://education.qut.edu.au/irving/spb002/topic/construct/Construst.htm) In the work unit these attributes are reflected in item 1 of the procedures applied to answer the question What's New with

Organizational Change Model Assignment Term Paper

Organizational Change Model Assignment - Term Paper Example While reductionist and normative approaches have their uses in managing projects, it is vital for managers in charge of implementing any type of change to learn of more responsive processes such as those involved in action research to improve their efficiency as project managers (Gustavsen, 2003). Understanding action science also helps in developing interpersonal within the organization. In larger contexts, such as that of XYZ Inc.’s expansion into Shanghai, China, action research is more political as well as complex, and tends to be coordinated across several change processes. In such a context, action research also includes a variety of stakeholders who have are invested in the organization. Kurt Lewin is believed by many to be the man who came up with the first form of an action research model (Gustavsen, 2003). The action research model is mostly used to implement organizational change in multifaceted social situations where the workers and customers whose lives or circum stances will be affected ought to participate in creating and implementing the change that will affect their lives. The action research also is being increasingly used for expansion objectives in international settings. In this case, XYZ Inc. is creating a branch in a developing nation with a thriving economy. The changes involved do not just mean relocating operations to a different geographical location, but also include taking into account new customer demographics, and cultural work values of workers from a different nation. In addition, the action research model is rooted in American notions of what change entails. For instance, the action research model actually perceives change in a different way from Eastern cultures such as that of China. Implementing this model of change will thus mean that a more deep-seated foundation is laid when the Shanghai branch is being created, as the action research model will even have to have its basic doctrines revised to fit in more with its society. In order to achieve success in such settings, the action research model is created to address different cultural assumptions when necessary. This model can also be applied to promote innovation and social change, as is evidenced by successful global social change projects. Its suggestions are also meant to rectify imbalances in resource allocations and power structures across different groups. This will be vital in traditionally bureaucratic societies such as the Chinese society as it will deal with any feelings of disgruntlement among workers. In recent times, the action research model has made adaptations such as the involvement of workers in any organization’s change process. This is referred to as ‘participatory action research’ in corporate circles. This is a big contrast from traditional approaches towards change where change practices are created and then implemented by hired consultants (Gustavsen, 2003). While XYZ Inc. is not headquartered in a nation that has bureaucratic leanings, it still has to change its structure so that it changes from being too management oriented to being more of a customer-centric institution. This can be made possible through the action research model. In addition, action research, as a method of organizational change, is likely to be accepted in the Chinese society which has a systemic understanding of the world. Nations with a large majority of Buddhist adherents, such as China, tend to be